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Leveraging social protection to reduce inequalities in the just transition
Addressing the dual challenge of climate change and inequality require policies delivering on both environmental and social sustainability aspects. In this context, social protection can play a critic...
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Ecuador: Transformations and adjustment put to the test by a decade of shocks (2015–2025)
Between 2015 and 2025, a series of factors destabilized Ecuador’s economic, social, and political model: declining oil rents; another sovereign default; political instability following the end of the...
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Social cohesion, the basis for a sustainable and inclusive world - A crosscutting goal for social cohesion 202...
This document provides a summary of the Cross-Cutting Social Cohesion Roadmap for the 2025–2030 period. In a world marked by multiple and interconnected crises, social cohesion is a key driver of s...
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Human Rights and Climate Policies - The Human Rights Impacts of Climate Change and Mitigating Measures
This paper summarises and analyses the findings of studies conducted by six National Human Rights Institutions (independent state bodies) in Colombia, The Gambia, Honduras, Kenya, Namibia, and Sierra...
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How is AFD supporting access to water and sanitation in Georgia?
In Khashuri, Georgia, access to water and sanitation is a major issue for public health, environmental protection, and quality of life.
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Gender and Income Distribution in a High- Informality Context: A CEQ-Based Analysis for Colombia
This study assesses the extent to which Colombia’s fiscal policy mitigates gender gaps in income and poverty. Using the fiscal incidence methodology developed by the Commitment to Equity (CEQ) Institu...
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Managing Macroeconomic Vulnerabilities in Vietnam’s Energy Transition: A Multidimensional Policy Framework
Can Vietnam achieve a low-carbon transition by 2050 while maintaining its growth trajectory? With a real GDP growth rate of 8% in 2025 and a government target of 10% for 2026, Vietnam is one of the wo...
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Urgent Actions Needed to Reduce CO₂ Emissions from Deforestation and Fires in Bolivia
Bolivia, a country with nearly half of its territory covered by forests, faces significant deforestation and vegetation degradation from fires. According to updated estimations, the country experience...
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Evaluation of AFD’s Sunref Program and Transformational Credit Line to Industrial Development Corporation (IDC...
AFD supported three consecutive projects implemented by the IDC in South Africa between 2012 and 2024, aiming to strengthen IDC’s contribution to reducing the country’s carbon footprint and energy int...
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Research Conversations replay: Human rights in the face of the climate crisis
This webinar is part of the conference series 'Research Conversations'.
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Replay | Can Artificial Intelligence Predict Future Epidemics?
This conference is part of AFD's "TechTalks" webinar series.
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Who controls critical minerals?
Lithium, cobalt, rare earths… All these minerals, essential to the energy transition, are at the heart of new geopolitical tensions. Their production is concentrated, demand is surging, and the questi...
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Afd and Public Health in Lebanon
Since 2019, AFD has supported Lebanon’s health sector amid successive crises, further aggravated by the recent armed conflict, in partnership with local and international stakeholders. The objective i...
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Simulating the Employment and Inequality Impacts of the Energy Transition in Mexico: An Input–Output Approach
This paper examines the distributive and labor market impacts of Mexico’s transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy using a multisector input–output model calibrated to the 2020 national accoun...
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Assessing the Impact of the Monitoring, Follow-Up, and Control Strategy on Territorial Inequalities in Colombi...
This article analyzes the Monitoring, Tracking, and Control Strategy (EMSC) of Colombia's General System of Participations (SGP) as an instrument for reducing territorial gaps in key sectors such as e...
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Mexico: An economic model under pressure from Trump 2.0
President Claudia Sheinbaum, inaugurated in October 2024, is facing a number of major internal and external challenges. Tensions with the United States (trade, migration, drug trafficking) have added...
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Kenya: 100 km of roads to transform residents’ lives
The ASAL Roads Rehabilitation Project is improving connectivity and safety across Kenya’s arid and semi-arid lands.
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Critical Mining Asset Control and Geoeconomic Fragmentation: What Is Left for Developing Countries?
The green economy offers major development potential through climate-focused goods, but access to critical minerals is essential. Developing countries are often limited to supplying raw materials and...
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Assessing CO2 Emissions from Deforestation and Fires in Bolivia Between 2010 and 2023
This study estimates net annual CO2 emissions from deforestation and fires in Bolivia from 2010 to 2023, considering both gross emissions and absorptions resulting from land clearing, land use change,...
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West Africa - 10 key projects in the energy sector
In West Africa, 46% of the population lacks access to electricity. Access to energy remains a major challenge in the region, which is experiencing significant population growth, urbanization, and indu...
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