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Labor Market Search, Informality and Schooling Investments
We develop a search and matching model where firms and workers are allowed to form matches (jobs) that can be formal or informal. Workers optimally choose the level of schooling acquired before enteri...
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Indonesia - 2022-2026 Strategy
Indonesia is the world’s largest archipelago and the leading power in Southeast Asia. Over the period 2022–2026, the overarching goal of AFD Group’s activity in Indonesia will be to accompany the coun...
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AFD group and the Palestinian Territories
Present since 1999 in the Palestinian Territories where it has already invested more than 500 million euros, AFD group continues, as part of its country strategy 2021-2025, to contribute to the implem...
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Social Cohesion and inequality in South Africa
We examine recent trends in social cohesion and inequality, and the relationship between the two in South Africa using date from the South African Reconciliation Barometer Surveys. Given that the coun...
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Vulnerabilities to Crises and Resilience - 2017-2021 Strategy: Executive summary
AFD has chosen to make the fight against vulnerabilities and the response to crises one of the main axes of its activity. Indeed in the 2025 prospective exercise that AFD undertook, the crises – envir...
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A Poverty Forecasting Tool
Poverty reduction has become the focus of economic policy in many Sub-Saharan African countries. As a result, a need for new social indicators has arisen to monitor the application and effectiveness o...
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Assessing Credit Guarantee Schemes for SME, Finance in Africa - Evidence from Ghana, Kenya, South Africa and T...
To assess credit guarantee schemes (CGSs) in Ghana, Kenya, South Africa and Tanzania, the authors investigated the entire supply chain running from credit guarantee providers to banks (and other finan...
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High Returns, Low Attention, Slow Implementation: The Policy Paradoxes of India‘s Clean Energy Development
L'Inde déclare mener une transition profonde vers une électricité faible en carbone, en doublant ses efforts dans les domaines des énergies renouvelables et de l'efficacité énergétique. Force est de c...
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The Brain Drain: What Do we Know?
For the last decades, the pace of international migration has accelerated. The number of international migrants increased from 154 to 175 million between 1990 and 2000 and is nearing 200 million in th...
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Public Private Partnerships in Water and Electricity in Africa
The paper analyzes the costs and benefits of private participation in the electricity and water industries in SubSaharan Africa. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the participation of private unregulat...
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Potential Financial Frameworks for a Sustainable UNEO
A recent study undertaken by COWI, a Danish consultancy, and co-financed by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Agence Française de Développement examines the potential financial frameworks...
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Governance of Renewable Natural Resources: Concepts, Methods and Tools
L’approche des questions relatives à l’environnement et à la gestion des ressources naturelles a évolué rapidement au cours des quinze dernières années. Outre de nouvelles mesures d’incitation, c’est...
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Youth and Labour Markets in Africa : A critical review of literature
This survey of literature focuses mainly on economic research done on Sub-Saharan Africa, although some references are reviewed for North Africa. It stresses that an assessment of youth employment pro...
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Culture and development : a review of literature
Multiple and often competing conceptualizations of culture have offered development thinking both a framework and a vocabulary for distinguishing one group of people from another in terms of their dif...
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Regional Trade Agreements and Developing Countries: the Case of the Independent Pacific Island States
The present paper corresponds to Robert Scollay’s contribution at the conference organized by Agence Française de Développement with its CEROM partners on 26 June 2007 in Paris (Maison de la Chimie) o...
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Corporate Social Responsibility in Türkiye: Overview and Perspectives
The report is the outcome of four months of collaboration between AFD and the Frankfurt School of Finance and Management to examine existing CSR stakeholder initiatives and practices in Türkiye. Betwe...
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Africa and its Demographic Challenges: an Uncertain Future
This paper is the executive summary of a collective publication: Africa and its Demographic Challenges: an Uncertain Future, edited by Benoît Ferry. This study was born out of a workshop on demography...
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Comparative Fiscal Response Effects of Debt Relief: An application to African HIPCs
As part of the efforts of the international donor community to scale up aid to Africa, substantial debt relief has been granted in recent years through the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initi...
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The investment climate in Egypt: Institutions or Relationships as Conditions for Sustainable Reform?
Observations made here show that it is possible to improve the investment climate, achieve effective cooperation between private investors and political decision-makers, fight against corruption and m...
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Privatization and Regulatory Reform in the Middle East and North Africa Area
During the nineties, the globalization of telecommunications imposed a model of development based on the suppression of public monopolies, leading to international competition and the privatization of...
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