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Uganda: revising the growth model while preserving debt sustainability
After two decades (1990–2010) of strong growth and structural transformation, Uganda’s economy is still confronted with a high level of informality and a concentration of jobs in agricul-ture—a sector...
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Is Agroecological Intensification Possible in the Sahel?
Agroecology is a science, a trend of thought, and a set of cultural practices implying the application of the principles of ecology to agriculture to obtain sustainable production in optimized quantit...
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The Commons Working For a New World
The current rate of extraction of planetary resources is no longer sustainable. With this observation, it is our way of inhabiting the world and our economic model that are called into question. St...
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The African Private Sector in the Covid-19 Crisis: Impacts, Responses and Perspectives
In 2020, the Covid-19 crisis plunged Africa into an exceptional economic recession. Lockdown measures to contain the spread of the pandemic, combined with the slowdown in activity in its main trading...
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Empowering Civil Society Organizations : the localisation of AID in Lebanon
The Shabake program mobilizes 9.4 million euros to strengthen the capacities of 13 local CSOs (civil society organizations) in the implementation of their field activities. Co-financed by the Agence F...
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Rent-to-buy: What potential does it offer for improving access to affordable housing?
In a context marked by strong urbanization, the development of affordable housing can considerably improve the living conditions of low-income households in the countries of the global South. The stud...
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The Qixian wetlands and nature-based solutions
The Changyuan River restoration project in Shanxi province, China, relies on nature-based solutions to restore essential ecological heritage and increase the capacity of local ecosystems to adapt to c...
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Lomé recycles its waste, it's clean!
In Lomé, a coastal city with 1.4 million inhabitants and the capital of Togo, AFD has been supporting the modernization of the solid waste treatment system for several years. A new landfill was built...
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Hard Times for Developing Countries: Africa’s Financing Needs in Question
Semestrial Panoramas are special issues of the MacroDev series written by AFD analysts; They present a synthesis of macronomic et socioeconomic analyses of emerging and developing countries. In additi...
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Incorporating biodiversity into development trajectories
In recent seminal studies for France and the Netherlands, biodiversity has been proven a significant source of financial vulnerability, both in terms of potential physical impacts, dependence to ecosy...
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Evaluation Summary - First Green Credit Line to PT Sarana Multi Infrastruktur (Persero)
In Indonesia, in the green finance sector, the PT-SMI project (CID1056) was subject to an evaluation in 2020. The objectives of the financing programme were: To strengthen the supply of fi...
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Evaluation Summary -Access to electricity in the peri-urban areas of Maputo and Pemba (EDAP)
In Mozambique, in the energy sector, the EDAP project (CMZ1093) was subject to an evaluation in 2021. The project aimed to improve the quality of life of the populations in the peri-urban areas of Map...
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Samuel Lefèvre: "mobilize CICLIA to support climate action in African cities"
CICLIA is a facility funded by the EU, SECO and AFD that supports more than 30 cities in sub-Saharan Africa in the preparation of low-carbon and resilient urban strategies and projects. ©AFD2021
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Valentine Monnier: "sustainable mobility means facilitating access to essential services"
CICLIA is a facility funded by the EU, SECO and AFD that supports more than 30 cities in sub-Saharan Africa in the preparation of low-carbon and resilient urban strategies and projects. In the Côte d'...
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AFD Group, a partner for your development projects in Southeast Asia
AFD Group has been active in Southeast Asia for over 25 years. Find out what its strategic priorities are in the region and how it can support your projects to improve their impact! ©AFD2021
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Evaluations - Biannual Report 2019-2020
The trajectory of evaluation at AFD is a sure sign of how the evaluation of official development assistance (ODA) has gradually gained importance over the past forty years. Whilst the evaluation cultu...
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Making abortion safer: a vital necessity
One-third of the 200 million pregnancies per year are un- wanted. These are closely linked to difficulties in acces-sing sex education and effective contraceptive methods. Unwanted pregnancies are a p...
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Support for Civil Society Organizations - 2020 Activity Report
The year 2020 was marked by the Covid-19 pandemic, which caused a global health, economic and social crisis. This crisis mobilized all public, private and nonprofit actors. They strengthened their dia...
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Sri Lanka
A small island state in the middle of the Indian Ocean, Sri Lanka has found its way back to the growth path after 30 years of civil war. The country now has to meet the challenge of sustainable develo...
Regions and countries

Developing Countries’ Macroeconomic Exposure to the Low-carbon Transition
This paper aims at providing estimates of countries’ macroeconomic exposures to the low-carbon transition. We develop a method to evaluate countries’ external, fiscal and socio-economic exposure, and,...
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